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The gut-brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that exists between the brain and gut. Several studies claimed that some types of headaches are associated with various gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. In Persian medicine (PM), physicians believed that gastric disturbances could stimulate headache and introduced some herbs for boosting gastric function as a therapeutic remedy for headache. Here we review the current evidence for the gastroprotective and antiheadache effects of herbs used in PM. Herbs used for their gastrotonic effects in PM were identified from selected Persian medical and pharmaceutical textbooks. PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were used to search for contemporary scientific evidence relating to the gastric and neurologic effects of these plants. A total of 24 plants were recorded from the selected sources included in this review, most of which belonged to the Rosaceae family. Phyllanthus emblica, Zingiber officinale, Boswellias errata, Punica granatum and Hypericum perforatum had the most recent studies related to GI disorder and headache, while current research about quince, rose, apple, hawthorn and pear was limited. Reducing Helicobacter pylori growth, gastritis, erosion of the stomach lining, hemorrhage and perforation, improving gastric mucosal resistance, antisecretary, antiulcer, antipyretic, analgesic, sedative, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, neuroprotective and antioxidant effects as well as improvement in memory scores were some of the gastrotonic and neuroprotective mechanisms described in the current research. These results confirmed that medicinal plants prescribed in PM may improve headache in patients through the management of GI abnormalities. However, further studies are recommended to investigate the efficacy and safety of the mentioned medicinal plants.
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BACKGROUND@#Bloating is a common gastrointestinal complaint which is difficult to treat.@*OBJECTIVE@#This study investigated the efficacy and compliance of a formulation called KAASER comprised of Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague seed, Zingiber officinale Roscoe. rhizome and Piper nigrum L. berry in the treatment of functional bloating.@*DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION@#A total of 106 patients with functional bloating, between 20 and 50 years of age, participated in this double-blind randomized controlled trial. Patients were divided into 3 parallel groups that received 500 mg of placebo, dimethicone or KAASER, three times a day for 2 weeks.@*MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES@#The frequency and severity of bloating were primary outcomes, while the frequencies of eructation, defecation, borborygmus and early satiation were secondary outcomes. All parameters were evaluated at the beginning (week 0), and also weeks 2, 4 and 10 of the study, through self-report checklists with a scoring system.@*RESULTS@#Among the 84 patients who completed the study, the frequency and severity of bloating (P < 0.001), the frequencies of eructation, defecation and borborygmus (P = 0.03) were significantly improved in the group receiving KAASER (36 patients) compared with the dimethicone (35 patients) and placebo (35 patients) groups, during the 3 phases of follow-up. These significant differences persisted through the 2 and 8 weeks of follow-ups after cessation of medication (week 4 and 10). In early satiation, no significant differences were observed among the 3 groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The results showed that KAASER can be effectively used to treat patients suffering from bloating. Bloating, eructation, defecation and borborygmus in the KAASER group remained significantly improved after 2 and 8 weeks of cessation of medication, making this mechanism an interesting area for further investigation.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#Registration trial IRCT2015100324327N on Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials.
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Background: In our previous study, the extract of Trachyspermum copticum [L.] Link seeds on gene expression of IFN-alpha and TGF-beta1 in mouse model with irritant contact dermatitis [ICD], in comparison with cutaneous corticosteroids were evaluated. In that study, in addition to significantly increase of IFN-alpha and TGF-beta1 genes expression levels in skin samples of [mice with ICD] groups treated with extract in comparison to other groups, histopathologic findings showed substantial improvement of skin color, texture and thickness, and also significant increase in hair follicle number. Therefore, we have decided to study the levels of Interleukin-1 [IL-1] gene expression, which plays a major role in inflammation responses, and Keratinocyte Growth Factor/Fibroblast Growth Factor-7 [KGF/FGF-7], which has growth effect on cells and is an important endogenous mediator of hair follicle growth and development
Materials and Methods: We used autopsy samples of skin lesions obtained from [mice model with irritant contact dermatitis [ICD]] from the previous study. In that study, [mice with ICD] divided in 9 groups and were treated with three concentrations of Trachyspermum Copticum [L.] Link dried seeds, cutaneous hydrocortisone, and fluocinolone acetonide. Then from the first day until the 10th day of treatment, clinical signs and histopathologic investigations were investigated. In the present study, using Real-Time PCR, the levels of IL-1 and KGF/FGF-7 genes expression in skin samples of inflammation site in above mice groups were studied. Statistical analysis, using one -way ANOVA, were performed. Level of significance was set at 0.05
Results: The IL-1 gene expression showed a significant difference between groups: IL-1 gene expression levels in mice with ICD treated with extract and corticosteroids were higher than the other groups [p=0.0001]. While in untreated [mice with ICD], no significant differences were observed. Also, during the treatment, there was a considerable increase in levels of IL-1 gene expression in groups treated with the extract at a rate of at least 2 to 3-fold in comparison with the [healthy untreated mice] group. The levels of KGF/FGF-7 gene expression in [mice with ICD] groups treated with the extract showed significance difference [p=0.014]; also there was a meaningful difference in [mice with ICD] groups treated with cutaneous corticosteroids [p=0.004]. While, in [untreated mice with ICD] group there were a significant decrease in the levels of KGF/FGF-7 gene expression in comparison with [healthy untreated mice] group [p=0.0001]. Also, changes in the levels IL-1 and KGF/FGF-7 gene expressions in each group in different days were seen
Conclusion: In this study, significant changes in the IL-1 and KGF/FGF-7 genes expression levels in the skin samples with inflammation, were associated with an increase in the rate and speed of improvement of contact dermatitis, more favorable conditions of the healed skin [in terms of color, consistency, and thickness], and a remarkable increase in the number of hair grown on the site of dermatitis [compared with control groups, and even groups with corticosteroid therapy]
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Rheum ribes L. is a plant native to China, Iran, Turkey, India, and a few other countries. Antidiarrheal activity is considered to be one of its important properties according to various systems of traditional medicine. An increasing rate of bacterial resistance to antibiotics has led to treatment failure in some cases of shigellosis in children, and underlines a need for safe, efficient and valid options.</p><p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of R. ribes syrup as a complementary medicine for treatment of shigellosis in children.</p><p><b>DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS</b>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial started with a group of 150 children aged between 12-72 months with suspected Shigella dysentery. R. ribes syrup or placebo syrup was administered to the intervention and control groups, respectively for 5 days. In addition, the standard antibiotic treatment (ceftriaxone for the first 3 days and cefixime syrup for 2 further days) was administered to both groups.</p><p><b>MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES</b>Body temperature, abdominal pain, need for antipyretics, defecation frequency, stool volume and consistency and microscopic stool examination were recorded as outcome measures. Any observed adverse effects were also recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Mean duration of fever and diarrhea in the R. ribes group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group (P = 0.016 and 0.001, respectively). In addition, patients in the R. ribes group showed shorter duration of need for antipyretics and shorter duration of abdominal pain (P = 0.012 and 0.001, respectively). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the microscopic stool analyses. Furthermore, no adverse effect was reported.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>R. ribes syrup can be recommended as a complementary treatment for children with Shigella dysentery.</p><p><b>TRIAL REGISTRATION</b>Iranian Registry of Clinical Trial: IRCT2014070518356N1.</p>
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Objective To investigate the effect of Iranian honey, cinnamon and their combination against Streptococcus mutans bacteria. Methods Nine experimental solutions were examined in this study, including two types of honey (pasteurized and sterilized), two types of cinnamon extract (dissolved in distilled water or dimethyl sulfoxide) and five different mixtures of cinnamon in honey (prepared by admixing 1%–5% w/w of cinnamon extract into 99%–95% w/w of honey, respectively). Meanwhile, each of mentioned agent was considered as the first solution while it was diluted into seven serially two-fold dilutions (from 1:2 to 1:128 v/v). Therefore, eight different concentrations of each agent were tested. The antibacterial tests were performed through blood agar well diffusion method, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined. Ultimately, the data were subjected to statistical analysis incorporating Two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests (α = 0.01). Results The highest zone of inhibition was recorded for the mixtures of honey and cinnamon while all the subgroups containing 95%–99% v/v of honey were in the same range (P < 0.01). The MIC for both honey solutions were obtained as 500 mg/mL whereas it was 50 mg/mL for both cinnamon solutions. Moreover, the MIC related to all honey/cinnamon mixtures were 200 mg/mL. Conclusions A profound synergistic effect of honey and cinnamon was observed against Streptococcus mutans while there was no significant difference among extracts containing 99%–95% v/v of honey admixing with 1%–5% v/v of cinnamon, respectively.
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Cicer arietinum [Chickpea] is one of the most important harvests in the world with high nutritional value. Lack of essential oils in the seeds of Chickpea is an advantage in search for drug-like molecules with less toxicity. We evaluated anticonvulsant effect of C. arietinum in common animal models of epilepsy. Dichloromethane extract was obtained from C. arietinum seeds by percolation. Acute toxicity of the extract was assessed in mice. Protective effect of the extract was examined against tonic seizures induced by maximal electroshock [MES; 50 mA, 50 Hz, 1 s] in mice, clonic seizures induced by pentylenetetrazole [PTZ; 60 mg/kg, i.p.] in mice, and electrical kindling model of complex partial seizures in rats. The extract was fractionated by nhexane to f1 and f2 fractions. The extract and fractions underwent phytochemical analysis by thin layer chromatography. The active anticonvulsant fraction, f1, was subjected to matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization [MALDI] mass analysis. The crude extract had neither toxicity up to 7 g/kg nor protective activity in MES and kindling models. However, it significantly inhibited clonic seizures induced by PTZ. f1 fraction mimicked protective effect of the extract. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of considerable amount of alkaloids in the extract and fractions. Moreover, a novel structural class was detected in f1 fraction. Finding an anticonvulsant molecule pertaining to a new structural class in the seeds of C. arietinum promises an effective and inexpensive source of antiepileptic medication. Further studies are needed to identify its mechanism of action and more clues into its structure-activity relationship.
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Background: Acanthamoeba keratitis [AK] is potentially a sight-threatening infection and its treatment is challenging. This is mainly due to presence of resistant cyst form. Indeed, cysts are highly resistant to current available drugs. Chemical drugs are toxic to human keratocytes. It should also be mentioned that most available anti-Acanthamoeba drugs are poorly cysticidal, In Iran and worldwide, AK cases continue to rise and therefore, novel effective drugs are urgently needed for the treatment of AK.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, the in vitro activity of serial dilutions [10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/mL] of chloroformic fractions including primary chloroformic fraction [minimum amount of chloroform], middle chloroformic fraction and remaining chloroformic fraction [most amount of chloroform] of Trigonella foenum graecum seed were evaluated against Acanthamoeba trophozoites and cysts. Cytotoxic assay of fractions at different concentrations [25, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 mg/ml] of test material was identified on mice Macrophage cells using MTT method.
Results: The obtained results revealed that the tested fractions presented anti-amoebic activities in a time and dose dependent cycle. Anti-Acanthamoeba activity of remaining chloroformic fraction was more than other fractions. Trophozoites/cysts were eliminated when incubated with 15 and 20 mg/ml concentrations of remaining chloroformic fraction after 24 hours. Viability of macrophage cells was noted 100 % with 25 and 50 mg/ml concentration of remaining chloroformic fraction. Our results indicate that the plant fractions are safe for mammalian cells.
Conclusion: Further studies should be performed in order to detect the active chemical compounds which could be used for the development of novel therapeutic approaches against Acanthamoeba infections. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the activity of chloroformic fractions of Trigonella foenum graecum [seed] against Acanthamoeba spp.
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Using Nigella sativa L. [Black cumin], in traditional medicine, dates back to Tutankhamen, the pharaoh of Egypt. There are aboundant historical and religious evidence implying the importance of these curative seeds. Traditionally, they have been used for various therapeutic purposes. Zokam and Nazleh [ZaN] are two nasal diseases used to be treated by these medicinal seeds. Traditional Persian Medicine [TPM] classifies each of these diseases into warm and cold types. Comparing symptoms, Warm ZaN resembles Allergic rhinitis and cold ZaN is similar to Rhinosinusitis. Many documents have been found in TPM references that explain different ways for preparing Black cumin seeds for the treatment of cold ZaN, but there is no evidence for treating warm ZaN. In recent years, many original articles have been written to explain the therapeutic qualities of these curative seeds. They exhibit that Black cumin seeds, in addition to increasing the mucociliary clearance, histamine release inhibition and antihistaminic effects, have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antibacterial biofilm formation. Consequently, they confirm the application of Black cumin in the treatment of rhinosinusitis or cold ZaN
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of Thymus vulgaris, Thymus caramanicus Zataria multiflora, Zizphora clinopodioides and Zizphora tenuior against four foodborne and four other bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, MRSA and Pseiidomona aeruginosa and measuring the amount of total phenolics of the plants. The extracts were prepared by maceration method. Pre-evaluation of the antimicrobial effect was utilized by cup-plate technique and then Minimum Inhibitory Concentration was determined by agar dilution method according to NCCLS. The total phenolics as a possible cause of antibacterial effect, was measured by Folin-Ciocalteucolorimetry. The results showed that T. caramanicus and Z. multiflora were the most effective ones with MIC values between 0.78-3.125 mg/mL against all of the Bactria and Z. tenuior and Z. clinopodioides had the minimum antimicrobial activity. Total phenolic contents of these five plants were different and followed the general pattern of the antimicrobial effect. The antibacterial effects and the total phenolic content of T. caramanicus and Z. multiflora were remarkable and should be investigated more in future studies
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This study was conducted to evaluate the cytoprotection of various extracts and bioactive compounds found in Pistacia vera againts cytotoxicity, ROS formation, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, mitochondrial and lysosomal membrane damages in cell toxicity models of diabetes related carbonyl [glyoxal] and oxidative stress [hydroperoxide]. Methanol, water and ethyl acetate were used to prepare crude pistachios extracts, which were then used to screen for in-vitro cytoprotection of freshly isolated rat hepatocytes against these toxins. The order of protection by Pistacia vera extracts against both hydroperoxide induced oxidative stress [ROS formation] and glyoxal induced protein carbonylation was: pistachio methanolic extract > pistachio water extract, gallic acid, catechin > alpha-tochoferol and pistachio ethyl acetate extract. Finally due to higher protection achieved by methanolic extract even compared to sole pretreatment of gallic acid, catechin or alpha-tochoferol, we suggest that cytoprotection depends on the variety of polar and non-polar compounds found in methanolic extract, it is likely that multiple cytoprotective mechanisms are acting against oxidative and carbonyl induced cytotoxicity. To our knowledge, we are the first to report the cytoprotective activity of Pistacia vera extracts against oxidative and carbonyl stress seen in type 2 diabetes hepatocytes model
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Androgenetic alopecia is the most common form of hair loss in men. The present study was designed to evaluate the hair growth-promoting activity of a preparation of the Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn. [A. capillus-veneris] on albino mice using a testosterone-induced alopecia model. Five groups of albino mice were studied: [A] Testosterone solution only [n=6]; [B] Testosterone + Finasteride solution [2%] [n=6]; [C] Testosterone + vehicle [n=6]; [D] Testosterone + A. capillus-veneris solution [1%] [n=6]; [E] intact control [n=2, without testosterone]. Alopecia was induced in all intervention groups by testosterone 1.0 mg subcutaneous. A. capillus-veneris solution was applied topically to the back skin of animals in the respective group. Hair growth was evaluated by visual observation and histological study of several skin sections via various parameters as follicle density [number of follicles/mm] and anagen/telogen ratio. After 21 days, a patch of diffuse hair loss was seen in animals received testosterone while animals treated with A. capillus-veneris showed less hair loss as compared to those treated with testosterone only. The follicular density observed in the A. capillus-veneris-treated group was 1.92 +/- 0.47, compared to 1.05 +/- 0.21 in testosterone-group and 2.05 +/- 0.49 in finasteride-treated animals. Anagen/telogen ratio was significantly affected by A. capillus-veneris, which was 0.92 +/- 0.06 as compared with 0.23 +/- 0.03 and 1.12 +/- 0.06 for testosterone and finasteride treated groups, respectively. According to visual observation and quantitative data [follicular density and anagen/telogen ratio], A. capillus-veneris was found to possess good activity against testosterone-induced alopecia
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Fruits of Olea europaea L. have been used for centuries in folk medicine to treat many inflammatory diseases. In order to evaluate the anti-nociceptive activities of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of defatted fruits of O. europaea, formalin test was used and for evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects of the extract, the volume of paw edema was measured. The results revealed that both extracts did not exhibit significant analgesic activity in the first phase of formalin test, whereas methanolic extract at the 600 mg/Kg dose and aqueous extract at the 450 and 600 mg/Kg doses could inhibit induced pain in the second phase of formalin test. Furthermore, the results of paw edema volume measurement indicated that the aqueous extract has anti-inflammatory effects at dose of 600 mg/Kg. Induced anti-nociception by aqueous olive extract was not reversed by naloxone, which indicates that the opioid receptors are not involved in the analgesic effects of the extracts. The present data pointed out that the extracts of olive defatted fruit have anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects in rats but further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism[s] of action and active components which are involved in analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects
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This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of diets containing some hot and cold temperament herb seeds according to Iranian traditional medicine [ITM] on some metabolic parameters in acute [24 h] and sub-acute [7 day] experiments that were performed on rats. For each experiment, effects of diets containing 10% herb seeds in category of hot [anise, fennel, ajowan] and cold [cucumber, watermelon, pumpkin] temperaments were analyzed on body weight gain, food intake, water consumption, urine output, serum glucose [SG] and insulin levels of rats. In the acute experiment, anise or fennel fed groups showed a significant decrease in food intake and there were not any changes in other parameters. The hot temperament groups in comparison with the cold temperament ones showed a significant decrease in food intake and a significant increase in SG level. In the sub-acute experiment, anise and fennel fed groups had a significant decrease in body weight gain on the 4[th] day. On the 7[th] day, the anise fed group experienced a significant decrease in body weight gain and a significant increase in SG levels. The groups that were fed hot temperament diets compared to the ones that consumed cold temperament diets showed a significant decrease in body weight gain and food intake rates and a considerable increase in SG levels. Considering the findings of this study, one can conclude that it is possible that hot temperament herbs such as anise and fennel be useful for humans for certain conditions such as weight control
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Iranian Traditional Medicine [ITM] describes a kind of dementia with similar signs and symptoms of Alzheimer's disease [AD]. It explains the pathology of dementia with cold intemperament of the brain, which means that the brain is colder than its healthy form. ITM strategy for treatment of dementia is to heat the brain up by medical "hot" herbs. Nepeta menthoides [NM] is one of these "hot" herbs. To evaluate the veracity of ITM concept about dementia and its treatment, we first try to examine if coldness of brain can make memory impairment. If so, can NM reverse memory impairment? Rats in cold-water-induced hypothermic [CWH] groups were immersed up to the neck in 3.5 [degree sign]C water, for 5 min during 14 consecutive days. As a control, rats were forced to swim in warm water at the same conditions. To eliminate the impact of forced swimming stress, a group of intact rats was also added. After last swimming in day 14, some groups received drug [100 or 500 mg/Kg aqueous extract of NM] or vehicle via i.p. injection. Learning and memory were assessed by Morris water maze, and tau hyperphosphorylation was measured by western blotting. The results showed that CWH impairs learning and memory and induces tau hyperphosphorylation. 100 mg/Kg of NM reversed memory impairment as well as tau hyperphosphorylation. ITM theory about the relationship between brain hypothermia and dementia is in accordance with our findings
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Background: Surgery is one of the best choices for the treatment of hydatidosis
The use of effective scolicidal agents during surgery for hydatid cyst is essential to prevent the secondary infection. Up to now no effective and safe agent has been identified for this purpose
Berberis vulgaris called [Zereshk] in Persian has been traditionally used as herbal remedy for the treatment of complaints and it is widely cultivated in Iran. Many studies have shown that it has antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic effect
Methods: In this study the scolicidal effect of Berberis vulgaris aqueous and hydro-alcohol extract for different concentrations [for aqueous: 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 nig/ml and for hydro-alcohol: 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/ml] at different exposure times [5, 15 and 30 minutes] was evaluated. For this purpose, we obtained liver hydatid-cysts from a slaughter house
Viability of protoscolices was assessed by 0.1% eosin staining. Normal saline and hypertonic saline were used as negative and positive controls respectively
Results: All the different concentrations of Berberis vulgaris aqueous and hydro-alcoholic extracts had scolicidal effect
An aqueous extract with 4mg/ml concentration acted as positive control and we observed to lead to the death of 100% of protoscolices in the first 5 minutes
The least scolicidal effect [12.3%] was observed in an aqueous extract with 0.5 mg/ml concentration.The scolicidal activity of hydro-alcoholic extract with concentration of 2 mg/ml was 100% after 5 min of application, which was the same as positive control group
We noticed a significant increase in protoscolicidal activity with an increase in concentration in the two extracts of Berberis vulgaris [P<0.001]
Conclusion: It is important to mention that all the concentration levels and exposure times applied in this experiment are relatively low, since scolitical activity in both of the extracts is at its highest in this low spectrum. For further experiments, we suggest that the stability of cyst fluid in both of the extracts should be assessed
Therefore, after In vivo examination and additional experiments, it may be used as a suitable and effective scolicidal in surgery
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In this study, antimicrobial effect of total extract of Tribulus terrestris L. and its fraction containing Benzoxazine derivative [Terresoxazine] was studied for the first time in Iran. Total aqueous extract of plant was prepared and in order to separate the components, liquid/liquid extraction method with Petroleum ether was used. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry [LC/MS] system proved the existence of Benzoxazine derivative in the water and the third fractions. Antimicrobial effects of all extracts were examined against 10 Gram positive and negative and Candida spp. by cup plate and disk diffusion methods. Also, the minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] was determined by micro dilution method. The total extract showed antibacterial effect on Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. The fraction of Benzoxazine had no effect against tested microbes. MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] determination showed that B. subtilis had the low sensitivity to the total extract. Beside, total extract in water with 1000 mg/ml concentration and total extract in Dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO] 10% with 750 mg/ml density can be substituted to Penicillin 200 mg/ml to combat the P. aeruginosa infections. Because of antibacterial effects of Tribulus terrestris L. against both Gram negative and positive bacteria, and no antibacterial effect of the fraction containing Benzoxazine derivative, it can be concluded that antibacterial effects of the total extract is due to other active ingredients or it is because of the cumulating of different components in total extract. Therefore separation of other components of total extract and determination of their antibacterial effects can be future subjects for researches about this plant
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Helicobacter pylori [Hp] is related to gastritis, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, and mucosal carcinoma. Emergence of multidrug resistant Hp strains encouraged researchers to find new effective drugs, especially medicinal herbs and plants which usually show fewer side effects. The aim of this study was an in vitro assessment of anti Hp activity of total extract of Tribulus terrestris [T. terrestris Benzoxacin], a local Iranian medicinal plant and its fraction Benzoxacin. Total aqueous extract of aerial parts of the plant was prepared and liquid extraction with petroleum ether was used to separate its components. LC/MS system proved the existence of Benzoxazine derivative in the water fraction and the third's fraction. Anti [Hp] effects of total extract and its third fraction were examined by cup plate method and using standard MacFarland. 50 biopsy samples of antrum were detected from patients who were endoscopic candidates in Milad and Fayazbakhsh hospitals of Tehran during 2011. All samples were isolated, diagnosed based on standard methods and biochemical tests and confirmed by PCR method for ureC gene, too. Different dilutions [250, 500,750 and 1000 mg/ml] of total extract were prepared. Clarythromycin [Cl[r]] E-test strips and an identified Hp OC1096 was used, simultaneously. Of 50 biopsy samples, 12 Hp strains were isolated. Rapid urease test were positive in all except one biopsy sample. Existence of ureC gene in all isolates was confirmed except for one strain by PCR. By cup plate method, resistance to concentrations of 1000 and 750mg/ml wase detected in 50% of Hp isolates and 66.6% of them were resistant to concentrations 250 and 500 mg/ml. Also, 83.3% of Hp strains were resistant to Benzoxacin fraction. Clarythromycin sensitivity was detected in 83% of Hp isolates, simultaneously. This study was done as a pilot study for in vitro evaluation of antibacterial effect of total extract of T. terrestris by cup plate method. Existence of high resistant rate [>/=50%] to different concentrations T. terrestris aqueous extract renders doing test on more Hp strains in future studies highly recommended. In contrast of the similarity of Benzoxazin structure to Ofloxacin, existence of 83.3% resistance among tested isolates showed no anti Hp effectiveness of this fraction